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peer-reviewedCurrent interest in antimicrobial coatings is driven by an urgent need for more effective strategies to control\udmicrobial infection. In this study, antimicrobial nanoclays were prepared by ion-exchange of sodium\udmontmorillonite (MMT) with silver ions which have been previously reported to exhibit biocidal activity. The\udextent of ion exchange achieved was estimated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The silver-modified\udnanoclay (AgMMT) fully inhibited growth of Gram negative Escherichia coli DH5α (E. coli) over 24 hours;\udannealing AgMMT under typical conditions used to prepare polymer composites did not reduce its antimicrobial\udefficacy. However, powder coatings of AgMMT dispersed in epoxy/polyester resin exhibited no antimicrobial\udeffect E. coli. This is believed to be caused by poor wetting of the polymer coating, which restricted the\uddiffusion of silver ion from the coating

Formulation of epoxy–polyester powder coatings containing silver-modified nanoclays and evaluation of their antimicrobial properties