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Aging is an irreversible physiological degradation of living organisms. Accumulated oxidative stress and dysbiosis accelerate aging. Probiotics such as  Lactobacillus  and  Bifidobacterium  and their fermented metabolites (postbiotics) have been discovered to exhibit antioxidative activities that regulate oxidative stress and protect cells from oxidative damage. We screened selected  Lactobacillus  and  Bifidobacterium  strains and their postbiotics for potential antioxidative activity by using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Strains with their metabolites were selected for mixed formula in experiments involving aging mice. The aged groups presented higher oxidative stress in the brain, liver, heart, and kidney than did young mice. However, treatment with probiotic strains and their postbiotics elevated antioxidative levels, especially in the high-dose probiotics plus postbiotics group. Next-generation sequencing data revealed positive microbiota alterations of  Lactobacillus  and  Bifidobacterium  and  Akkermansia  in the gut.  Lactobacillus johnsonii  and  Akkermansia muciniphila  exhibited effective enlargement of relative abundance. Besides, high-dose probiotics and high-dose probiotics plus postbiotics showed significant elevation in serum SCFAs, especially in butyrate. In conclusion, the formula containing  Bifidobacterium animalis  subsp.  infantis  BLI-02,  Bifidobacterium breve  Bv889,  Bifidobacterium bifidum  VDD088,  B. animalis  subsp.  lactis  CP-9, and  Lactobacillus plantarum  PL-02 and their metabolites may benefit aged people’s health.

Probiotics and their Metabolites Reduce Oxidative Stress in Middle-Aged Mice