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To evaluate the role of Th17, Treg cells, activated T CD3 + and B CD19 + lymphocytes in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients. 40 female patients with PBC and 20 healthy donors were enrolled in this study. The percentages and absolute counts of Th17, Treg, activated T CD3 + , B CD19 + , NK, NKT-like lymphocytes were measured by flow cytometry. Our research revealed significantly lower frequencies and absolute counts of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg cells (p &lt; 0.0001), higher percentages and absolute counts of Th17 cells (IL-17A + CD3 + CD4 + ; p &lt; 0.0001 and p = 0.009, respectively), CD3 - /CD16 + CD56 + NK cells (p &lt; 0.0001 and p = 0.039, respectively), CD3 + /CD16 + CD56 + NKT-like cells (p &lt; 0.0001 and p = 0.048, respectively). There were also higher percentages and numbers of B CD19 + lymphocytes (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively) and higher percentages and absolute counts of activated B CD19 + CD25 + cells (p = 0.007 and p = 0.002, respectively). Moreover, we observed a statistically significant correlation between the presence of itching and particular peripheral blood subpopulations in PBC patients. Absolute counts of both CD4 + CD3 + cells (p = 0.0119) and CD3 + CD25 + cells (p = 0.0329) were lower in patients with pruritus. A similar dependency was noted in reference to percentages of NKT-like cells (CD3 + /CD16 + CD56 + ; p = 0.0359) and (CD3 + ) T lymphocytes (p = 0.0302). Th17 and Treg cells are involved in the course of PBC. There is also the association between the pruritus and peripheral blood subpopulations.

Deviations in Peripheral Blood Cell Populations are Associated with the Stage of Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Presence of Itching