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We explore in detail the possibility that gravitational wave signals frombinary inspirals are affected by a new force that couples only to dark matterparticles. We discuss the impact of both the new force acting between thebinary partners as well as radiation of the force carrier. We identify numerousconstraints on any such scenario, ultimately concluding that observable effectson the dynamics of binary inspirals due to such a force are not possible if thedark matter is accrued during ordinary stellar evolution. Constraints arisefrom the requirement that the astronomical body be able to collect and bind atsmall enough radius an adequate number of dark matter particles, from therequirement that the particles thus collected remain bound to neutron stars inthe presence of another neutron star, and from the requirement that the theoryallows old neutron stars to exist and retain their charge. Thus, we show thatany deviation from the predictions of general relativity observed in binaryinspirals must be due either to the material properties of the inspiralingobjects themselves, such as a tidal deformability, to a true fifth forcecoupled to baryons, or to a non-standard production mechanism for the darkmatter cores of neutron stars. Viable scenarios of the latter type includeproduction of dark matter in exotic neutron decays, or the formation of compactdark matter objects in the early Universe that later seed star formation or arecaptured by stars.

Cuckoo's Eggs in Neutron Stars: Can LIGO Hear Chirps from the Dark Sector?