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We study electroweak scale Dark Matter (DM) whose interactions with baryonicmatter are mediated by a heavy anomalous $Z'$. We emphasize that when the DM isa Majorana particle, its low-velocity annihilations are dominated by loopsuppressed annihilations into the gauge bosons, rather than by p-wave orchirally suppressed annihilations into the SM fermions. Because the $Z'$ isanomalous, these kinds of DM models can be realized only as effective fieldtheories (EFTs) with a well-defined cutoff, where heavy spectator fermionsrestore gauge invariance at high energies. We formulate these EFTs, estimatetheir cutoff and properly take into account the effect of the Chern-Simonsterms one obtains after the spectator fermions are integrated out. We findthat, while for light DM collider and direct detection experiments usuallyprovide the strongest bounds, the bounds at higher masses are heavily dominatedby indirect detection experiments, due to strong annihilation into $W^+W^-$,$ZZ$, $Z\gamma$ and possibly into $gg$ and $\gamma\gamma$. We emphasize thatthese annihilation channels are generically significant because of thestructure of the EFT, and therefore these models are prone to strong indirectdetection constraints. Even though we focus on selected $Z'$ models forillustrative purposes, our setup is completely generic and can be used foranalyzing the predictions of any anomalous $Z'$-mediated DM model witharbitrary charges.

On Dark Matter Interactions with the Standard Model through an Anomalous $Z'$