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In the framework of the planar t-J model for cuprates we analyze thedevelopment of a pseudo gap in the density of states, which at low dopingstarts to emerge for temperatures T<J and persists up to the optimum doping.The analysis is based on numerical results for spectral functions obtained withthe finite-temperature Lanczos method for finite two-dimensional clusters.Numerical results are additionally compared with the self consistent Bornapproximation (SCBA) results for hole-like (photoemission) and electron-like(inverse photoemission) spectra at T=0. The analysis is suggesting that theorigin of the pseudo gap is in short-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) spincorrelations and strong asymmetry between the hole and electron spectra in theunderdoped regime. We analyze also the electron momentum distribution function(EMD). Our analytical results for a single hole in an AFM based on the SCBAindicate an anomalous momentum dependence of EMD showing "hole pockets"coexisting with a signature of an emerging large Fermi surface (FS). Theposition of the incipient FS and the structure of the EMD is determined by themomentum of the ground state. The main observation is the coexistence of twoapparently contradicting FS scenarios. On the one hand, the delta-function likecontributions at (pi/2,pi/2) indicate, that for finite doping a pocket-likesmall FS evolves from these points, provided provided that AFM long range orderpersists. On the other hand, the discontinuity which appears at the samemomentum is more consistent with with infinitesimally short arc (point) of anemerging large FS.

Spectral Properties of Underdoped Cuprates