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The variability in atrophy rate in patients with neurodegenerative disease can be partially explained by disease stage. Since atrophy state (baseline scan tissue volume) correlates with cognitive impairment and disease stage, we use local atrophy state as a covariate in the analysis of local atrophy rate. A general linear model with a spatially varying dependent variable was employed to study the effects of disease over the brain. An efficient method of solving this spatially varying model was developed, implemented, and applied to maps of atrophy state and rate derived from serial MRI data of 13 Semantic Dementia (SD) and 13 control subjects. Our results demonstrate that group differences in atrophy rate are affected by the inclusion of atrophy state in the model. Specifically, estimated contrasts in atrophy rate between controls and SD in the left temporal lobe white matter increased when the local rate was covaried for atrophy state.

Co-analysis of Maps of Atrophy Rate and Atrophy State in Neurodegeneration