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[Context and motivation] Ecosystems developed as Open Source Software (OSS)are considered to be highly innovative and reactive to new market trends due totheir openness and wide-ranging contributor base. Participation in OSS oftenimplies opening up of the software development process and exposure towards newstakeholders. [Question/Problem] Firms considering to engage in such anenvironment should carefully consider potential opportunities and challengesupfront. The openness may lead to higher innovation potential but also tofrictional losses for engaged firms. Further, as an ecosystem progresses, powerstructures and influence on feature selection may fluctuate accordingly.[Principal ideas/results] We analyze the Apache Hadoop ecosystem in aquantitative longitudinal case study to investigate changing stakeholderinfluence and collaboration patterns. Further, we investigate how itsinnovation and time-to-market evolve at the same time. [Contribution] Findingsshow collaborations between and influence shifting among rivaling andnon-competing firms. Network analysis proves valuable on how an awareness ofpast, present and emerging stakeholders, in regards to power structure andcollaborations may be created. Furthermore, the ecosystem's innovation andtime-to-market show strong variations among the release history. Indicationswere also found that these characteristics are influenced by the way howstakeholders collaborate with each other.

How Firms Adapt and Interact in Open Source Ecosystems: Analyzing Stakeholder Influence and Collaboration Patterns