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High-resolution scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)microscopy was used to study the flux quantization phenomenon inmultiply-connected anisotropic high-Tc NdBa2Cu3O7-d single crystalline thinfilms. The spatial distribution of internal flux in a hole was found to benon-uniform and changed drastically for applied small fields. With increasedfields above 10uT, a local magnetic dipole flux developed inside the hole, incontrast to an isotropic Nb superconductor. The total net flux trapped in ahole was kept to be constant for larger holes, but the abrupt transition offlux quantization state was observed for smaller holes. The possibleexplanation is given based on the anisotropic dx2-y2-wave order parameter ofhigh-Tc superconductors.

Anomalous flux quantization and formation of dipole-flux state in a multiply-connected high-Tc NdBa2Cu3O7-d superconductor